Social anxiety: how does it all connect? (blank – archived)

This blank version of the Clark and Wells (1995) social anxiety model is designed to support collaborative formulation with young people.

Therapists can use this resource to map out the maintaining cycle of social anxiety together with the young person — exploring specific triggers, thoughts, physical responses, safety behaviours, and emotional experiences in a structured, accessible way.

References & Further Reading

  • Clark, D. M., & Wells, A. (1995). A cognitive model of social phobia. In R. G. Heimberg, M. R. Liebowitz, D. A. Hope, & F. R. Schneier (Eds.), Social phobia: Diagnosis, assessment, and treatment (p. 69–93). The Guilford Press.
  • Alves F, Figueiredo DV, Vagos P. (2022) The Prevalence of Adolescent Social Fears and Social Anxiety Disorder in School Contexts. Int J Environ Res Public Health
  • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders(5th ed.).
  • Connor, K.M., Davidson, J.R., Churchill, L.E., Sherwood, A., Weisler, R.H. and Foa, E., 2000. Psychometric properties of the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN): New self-rating scale. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 176(4), pp.379-386.
  • Hofmann SG. Cognitive factors that maintain social anxiety disorder: a comprehensive model and its treatment implications. Cogn Behav Ther. 2007;36(4):193-209. doi: 10.1080/16506070701421313. (Accessed 29/02/24)
  • Kashdan, T.B. and Herbert, J.D., 2001. Social anxiety disorder in childhood and adolescence: Current status and future directions. Clinical child and family psychology review, 4, pp.37-61.
  • Knappe S., Sasagawa S., Creswell C. (2015) Social Anxiety and Phobia in Adolescents. Springer; Cham, Switzerland: Developmental Epidemiology of Social Anxiety and Social Phobia in Adolescents; pp. 39–70.